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- ********************************************************
- * Glycosyl hydrolases family 11 active site signatures *
- ********************************************************
-
- The microbial degradation of cellulose and xylans requires several types of
- enzymes such as endoglucanases (EC 3.2.1.4), cellobiohydrolases (EC 3.2.1.91)
- (exoglucanases), or xylanases (EC 3.2.1.8) [1,2]. Fungi and bacteria produces
- a spectrum of cellulolytic enzymes (cellulases) and xylanases which, on the
- basis of sequence similarities, can be classified into families. One of these
- families is known as the cellulase family G [3] or as the glycosyl hydrolases
- family 11 [4]. The enzymes which are currently known to belong to this family
- are listed below.
-
- - Aspergillus awamori xylanase C (xynC).
- - Bacillus circulans, pumilus, and subtilis xylanase (xynA).
- - Clostridium acetobutylicum xylanase (xynB).
- - Clostridium stercorarium xylanase A (xynA).
- - Fibrobacter succinogenes xylanase C (xynC) which consist of two catalytic
- domains that both belong to family 10.
- - Neocallimastix patriciarum xylanase A (xynA).
- - Ruminococcus flavefaciens bifunctional xylanase XYLA (xynA). This protein
- consists of three domains: a N-terminal xylanase catalytic domain that
- belongs to family 11 of glycosyl hydrolases; a central domain composed of
- short repeats of Gln, Asn an Trp, and a C-terminal xylanase catalytic
- domain that belongs to family 10 of glycosyl hydrolases.
- - Schizophyllum commune xylanase A.
- - Streptomyces lividans xylanases B (xlnB) and C (xlnC).
- - Trichoderma reesei xylanases I and II.
-
- Two of the conserved regions in these enzymes are centered on glutamic acid
- residues which have both been shown [5], in Bacillus pumilis xylanase, to be
- necessary for catalytic activity. We have used both regions as signature
- patterns.
-
- -Consensus pattern: [PS]-[LQ]-x-E-Y-Y-[LIVM](2)-[DE]-x-[FYWHN]
- [E is an active site residue]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-
- -Consensus pattern: [LIVMF]-x(2)-E-[AG]-[YWG]-[QRFGS]-[SG]-[SAN]-G-x-[SA]
- [E is an active site residue]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-
- -Expert(s) to contact by email: Henrissat B.
- bernie@cermav.grenet.fr
-
- -Last update: June 1994 / Patterns and text revised.
-
- [ 1] Beguin P.
- Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 44:219-248(1990).
- [ 2] Gilkes N.R., Henrissat B., Kilburn D.G., Miller R.C. Jr., Warren R.A.J.
- Microbiol. Rev. 55:303-315(1991).
- [ 3] Henrissat B., Claeyssens M., Tomme P., Lemesle L., Mornon J.P.
- Gene 81:83-95(1991).
- [ 4] Henrissat B.
- Biochem. J. 280:309-316(1991).
- [ 5] Ko E.P., Akatsuka H., Moriyama H., Shinmyo A., Hata Y., Katsube Y.,
- Urabe I., Okada H.
- Biochem. J. 288:117-121(1992).
-